Upconverting nanoparticles as primary thermometers and power sensors

Luminescence thermometry is a spectroscopic technique for remote temperature detection based on the thermal dependence of luminescence phosphors, presenting numerous applications ranging from biosciences to engineering. In this work, we use Er 3+ emission NaGdF 4 /NaGdF :Yb ,Er upconverting nanoparticles upon 980 nm laser excitation determine simultaneously absolute and power density. The 2 H 11/2 → I 15/2 S 3/2 bands, which are commonly used thermometric purposes, overlap with 9/2 13/2 band, can lead erroneous readout. Applying concept luminescent primary resolve overlapping transitions, dual nanosensor synchronously measuring delivered pump successfully realized holding promising in laser-supported therapies.